Overview

We know the fathers of Negritude: Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor, and Léon-Gontran Damas. But would this cultural and political movement have existed without the Nardal sisters, Paulette and Jeanne? These two Martinican intellectuals, journalists, and feminists were central figures in Black Paris in the 1920s and strong symbols of anti-racist and feminist struggles. They were among the first to theorize ‘black consciousness’ and its awakening.